Uncategorized

  • A Visit from Cox


    A couple of days ago, the phone rang in the afternoon. I answered it, being the only one home, and the static was so bad I couldn't understand the person at the other end except that probably she was a telemarketer who wanted to talk to Cathy. Before I could mention the problem to Delia or Cathy, both of them arrived home and experienced phone problems of their own. In addition, Cathy lost her Internet connection.

    For some reason, neither of them is capable of dealing with Cox. That is always left up to me. I try to train them into dealing with Cox, and they do sometimes try, but it always winds up being my problem. I called Cox and explained the two problems. Explaining the phone problem took just seconds and they promised to send somebody out this afternoon. It took about ten minutes to get to talk to a high speed Internet person but they, too, promised to send somebody out today, long after my appointment with the retina specialist (I didn't want them there while my eyes were still dilated).

    The high speed Internet specialist decided to come early. Delia called me while I was still waiting to see the doctor. I told her I had scheduled the appointment for late in the afternoon on purpose and for her to tell the technician to come back at the appointed time. Of course she allowed herself to be bullied into letting him to look at the computer setup, which she doesn't understand well enough to answer his questions about. He had to come back later anyway.

    I got home, had my lunch (Delia's fresh lentil soup) and was watching an old Randolph Scott western when the phone technician arrived. He found a few corroded connections and replaced the connectors with new ones. While he was working, the other technician came back.

    We brought the Internet modem down ... and it wouldn't come back up. We tried a few tweaks inside, then he did some level measurements. The receive power was right in the middle of the scale but the reverse or transmit power measured at their central office was very, very low. We went outside to where the cable comes in from the box up on the telephone pole across the street. The reverse power was still very, very low, so the problem was up the pole, not inside the house. They will have to send out a crew with a cherry picker to install a new box on the line outside.

    Meanwhile, the technician Tsk! Tsk!ed over my router -- not that I have one, but that it was a brand that almost nobody uses. Apparently everybody else in the world uses dLink, has no problems connecting, and is very happy with the equipment. I have yet to get a fully functional installation of my Netgear wireless interface, although the router itself seems to be doing its job.

    Several months ago, Cox published a note to the effect that they will not support routers or other home networks but they won't punish them either. That's a good policy because there isn't a whole lot they can do about home networks of any kind anyway. They are pretty much undetectable unless you go inside the house and look at the equipment. If somebody starts using a whole lot of bandwidth they might be able to take some kind of action, but most people aren't going to cause any great problem for them.

    The technician also noted that we have too much crap loaded on the computer. When the computer starts up, its capacity is down to 50% even before it starts doing anything. That is because of all of the stuff that Cathy has added since she started using the machine. The machine is perfectly adequate for its planned use, which was for Delia's email and occassional word processing and my annual income taxes. It was never intended to be used for online games, ICQ and Instant Messages, Internet Radio and all of the other stuff it is now doing. We don't need a bigger machine; we need for Cathy to get a machine of her own that she can connect through the router wirelessly.

    Update


    The cherry picker guy showed up sooner then expected, while I was still downstairs this evening. He was waiting for me when I came up. He had already run some tests on the part of the system on the outside of the house and had made a partial repair for the problem he found, a stray sixty volts floating on the system which he ran to ground with a new ground wire.

    Anyway, I let him inside to search for the source of the hot voltage ... and he found it: the old television set we were given a couple of years ago and that we have connected to the digital cable modem.

    Replacing the TV won't cost anything since we have a couple of old sets downstairs that are not in use. They are smaller, but that shouldn't matter -- Cathy usually watches TV while using the computer and the two sit side by side. It'll only bother her when she decides to watch something while in bed. If she can't live with a smaller screen, she can buy a set with a bigger screen.

    Second Update


    When Delia and Cathy got home, within a few minutes of each other, they both had the same complaint: the phone wasn't working. I immediately called Cox, who promised to have somebody out to look at it by Tuesday evening.

    It's the internal house wiring that's screwed up. The phone in the master bedroom still works, as does the one downstairs. But the one in the dining room and the one in the computer room, the two wireless phones, are both disconnected. My hearing is bad enough that if I'm upstairs I won't hear the phone in the master bedroom ring. The one in the dining room has the answering machine, so any calls I don't answer will be missed calls.

    Ahhh! A long weekend with the phones down!

    Message Board

  • Breakthrough in Connecting


    Last November I bought a router with a wireless USB adapter. When I tried to install the direct connection on the Windows 98SE computer upstairs I had no problems but when I tried to install the wireless part on the Windows 98SE flavor of my computer downstairs the installation aborted part of the way through. From that time until recently I got an error message telling me I had missing driver files whenever I tried to bring the system up.

    A short time ago I had to replace the video card on my machine in order to be able to install Lindows / Debian Linux. When I installed the nVidia drivers for the video card, Windows finally decided to install the missing Netgear router drivers from my aborted installation.

    This evening I searched for and located the documentation on the router. Checking my notes on the security settings, I set up the machine according to the instructions. All of a sudden, Windows wanted to know if I wanted to download critical updates to the Windows system. There were nineteen of them.

    Figuring I might never pass that way again (I had never before been offered the opportunity to download updates to Windows), I decided to risk wasting several hours and told the system to go ahead. After all, despite the connector icon glowing green I didn't seem to have established a connection.

    I started the download. I started to play FreeCell while the download took place. I played fifteen games, probably averaging about four minutes per game. I also read a magazine for a while. When it finished downloading, it started installing. Then it changed its mind and started downloading again. Then it just sat there for a long time. Then it said it was installing the second batch of files it downloaded. Then it finished installing the first batch of files it downloaded. Then it told me to insert the Windows installation CD-ROM ... but before I could do so, it re-booted. Just like that.

    When the system boots, one of the first things it does is to dial up my ISP with my modem. This time it didn't. I brought up the Netscape browser. I could browse. The modem was just sitting there, still in its 'off' condition.

    I downloaded a fairly big file, the Opera browser. It took about three minutes. I got a bunch of advertising along with it, stuff I hadn't asked for. Oh, well.

    Now I have to get it working with the various flavors of Linux I'm running on the machine.

    Message Board

  • I'm not into Wicca or paganism or new age stuff, but I've looked at a variety of religions. I saw this questionaire on somebody's LiveJournal and decided to give it a shot.

    There are so many questionaires floating around it's possible to find one on almost any subject. They are hard to avoid.

    What's a Fluff Bunny?

    You are a New Ager
    You are a New Ager. You're marginally better than
    Fluff Bunnies, but are still probably drunk on
    the ideals of positive energy. At least you
    have good karma.

    How fluffy a Pagan are you?
    brought to you by Quizilla

    Message Board

  • Energy


    A photon from the sun reaches Earth, strikes a plant, causes the electron in the outer shell of some atom to jump to a higher state. The photon vanishes, its energy absorbed. That energy will find its way into an electron attached to an atom of oxygen and, in a series of steps, simple carbon dioxide molicules will be torn apart and sewn together into molicules of sugar, containing that solar energy, with the oxygen discarded into the atmosphere.

    Sugar isn't the only place the energy gets stored, of course, nor is oxygen the only actor. Phosphorus is a major actor, in an enzyme called ATP (when there are three 'P') or ADP (when there are two 'P'), the extra 'P' having a big part in unlocking the stored energy, breaking the glucose (sugar) apart and tacking a spare electron onto an oxygen atom somewhere.

    A lot of the energy conversion work in our bodies is done in primative structures similar to bacteria called mitochondria (not mitochlorians, which are the fictional source of the force, not energy).

    The energy conversion process is going on constantly because we always use energy one electron at a time. Most of what we do requires many electrons, usually millions, so our bodies are constantly cranking them out.

    The process isn't perfect. Between the photon striking a plant and our thinking a thought or taking an action there is a lot of waste. Just recovering energy from glucose is only about 60% efficient (or was that 40%?).

    What gets wasted? Well, there are some waste products, some chemicals that get thrown away along the way as useless. But the biggie is heat. An electron in an atom will drop to a lower level, a photon will be emitted, and that energy will dissipate into the surroundings. Or something, somewhere, will shake a little harder because of a chemical reaction that took place along the way.

    But we live on sunlight.

    Message Board

  • To Answer Your Questions

    About Lindows


    Derek has asked some pointed questions about the Lindows Linux operating system. One question was what advantages it offers over BSD or other distributions of Linux.

    Basically, all Linux distributions are pretty much the same in most respects. They use the same kernel and most of the same free software packages are supplied. The differences are minor and have mostly to do with goals, maturity and economic stability of the company backing the package. Red Hat Linux is perhaps the most mature of the distributions and the most economically successful of the companies.

    Their goal, however, is to provide value to business, much as IBM does.

    BSD has a history of providing stable and conservative distributions of Unix systems. Their systems were at one time considered the most secure available, which may no longer be true to the same extent as previously. That is, they have not become less secure but new ways to harden any Linux system have become available. Finally, BSD has changed ownership several times in the last few years and their present direction of development is unknown / undetermined. If Linux hadn't been invented, BSD would have been the answer ... but history is passing it by.

    Many of the leading distributions of just a few years ago are gone. Mandrake is in deep trouble from having overcommitted themselves in a market they, and almost everybody else, understood poorly.

    Lindows is an immature distribution. It already has a pretty interface and some useful tools, particularly office suites and other programs that operate as replacements for Microsoft software. It may even be possible to install and run programs designed to run under Windows systems, but little has been mentioned of this capability and I've made no attempt to test it so far. If the capability exists, it does so because of a system called Wine that has been under development for many years but that is still considered to be of alpha quality despite the considerable effort that has been invested in it. Wine is not listed in the Lindows warehouse.

    What Lindows has going for it, despite its immaturity, is its founder's proven ability to make money and his desire to confront Microsoft head on for a share of the market place. Microsoft has a gigantic market place and they are milking it for about an 85% margin, which amounts to highway robbery. Even a moderate fraction of that market at a fraction of the margin could help the Lindows company succeed. Think of that as the point of the wedge for all of the other companies out there that have had their efforts stifled by Microsoft.

    Break the giant and the little guys can share the market.

    But for Lindows to mature as a product, first the company has to survive. The two go together. If they survive, there will be enough others copying their ideas that they won't be able to rest on their laurels -- they will have to continue to improve their product or fall to a new company, created in their image.

    Derek's other big question is why I'm using dial-up when I supposedly have a high-speed connection. That's a little harder to answer and it gets more into industry NDAs (Non Disclosure Agreements) and Microsoft monopoly.

    I have three systems currently running on my machine: Windows 98SE, Mandrake 9.0 Linux and Lindows 3.0 Linux, each with its own hard drive. The machine has a Netgear wireless USB adapter connected and only the Windows system recognizes it ... partly because drivers were provided for only the Windows system.

    Look at it this way: Netgear can sign a NDA with Bill Gates for Windows, but with whom do they sign one for Open Source software? So the necessary drivers have to be reverse engineered, a time consuming process.

    A few companies are beginning to cooperate with Linux, seeing an economic force beginning to build. Drivers are becoming available for some systems. Some boxes for hardware say the contents are Linux compatible. The Netgear hub just wasn't one of them.

    The drivers that were available the last time I checked were at the alpha level, which I try to avoid. I even try to avoid beta software, having had some bad experiences there. As far as that goes, I've had bad experiences with what was supposed to be production software.

    Debian is not known for being on the leading edge of software testing. Quite the contrary. The drivers for my Netgear will be well out of beta and quite stable before they become available through Debian. I'm sure I'll be using them on my Mandrake system long before then.

    But I will eventually have a high speed connection to even my Lindows system.

    Message Board

  • More About Lindows


    Downloading packages from the Lindows Warehouse may take a while. The process doesn't work very well.

    Small packages download well enough. Big packages on a slow dial-up connection are almost guaranteed to fail to download, at least the first few times. The downloading process isn't handled in a very intelligent manner.

    Software exists to assure that downloads can be done reliably even when interrupted. Lindows doesn't use such an approach, preferring a brute force attack on the problem: if the download doesn't work the first time, they start over from scratch and then they quit after five tries.

    The program has controls that say 'pause' and 'resume' -- or the equivalent -- so I presume they plan to fix the problem some time in the future. Right now, though, the problem is a glaring omission.

    It would help, too, if it was more obvious how to find out if a package on the Warehouse list has already been installed on the user's system. As it is, I have had to start a list on my CliƩ to keep track of what I've tried to install and what has installed successfully.

    Lindows should do that for me.

    Message Board

  • Lindows

    First Reaction


    Slow!

    Confused!


    Lindows is a $50 system based on a stripped-down version of Debian Linux. It comes with a lot of softward doctored to give it a special "Lindows" look and feel, so its main browser, which is Netscape 7.0.x, doesn't resemble normal versions of that browser at all. It has a "warehouse," a collection of software available to members; purchasing the basic package includes a "junior membership" good for a limited time, you can buy other packages that include discounted membership for one or two years, or you can get membership for $99 per year, membership allowing you to download and automatically install any of nearly 2,000 software packages during the membership period. Debian itself has the capability of automatically downloading and installing packages and updates, so this is nothing new except for the hype involved and the interface.

    Most companies dealing in hardware or software have a margin of no more than 7%. Microsoft leverages their near monopoly position to give themselves a margin close to 85%. Nobody wants to go up against Microsoft for fear the giant will come down hard on them and wipe them out. Lindows was founded by the founder of MP3 in an attempt to go up against Microsoft, which is reason enough to support their efforts.

    As for value received, that will follow use of the system. The more popular the system becomes, the more funding and development can go into improvement and further development of the approach, the important concept of which is a very user-friendly way to obtain useful software. Each time a user downloads or upgrades a package from the warehouse, it indicates the level of popularity or usefulness of that package; in short, its demand. The most popular packages will receive additional funding for improvement.

    Debian is a distribution dedicated to Open Source software. They avoid commercial or proprietary packages. They are, however, noted for the stability of their releases. Lindows doesn't maintain that purity, adding only the warehouse concept and an interface that seems adequate.

    On the down side, Lindows is very slow. It is also fussy about the hardware it will install on. Computers with Lindows pre-installed are available, both through Lindows.com and Walmart.com, as well as a few Canadian sources, and the prices are reasonable for the hardware supplied. If you aren't sure that your hardware is up to the Lindows specification, it might be better to get an inexpensive new machine, a custom machine if you know what to specify.

    The Lindows people need to hire a professional Web designer. Their interface is a mess, full of dead ends. Many links dump you to generic catch-all pages instead of to pages offering specific information you would expect them to, so that finding anything becomes a real challenge.

    Linux has always faced a contradiction: how do you make money giving your product away free? Red Hat solved the problem for themselves by making a product attractive to business and then selling support and services. Mandrake and others who have depended on support from users, rather than businesses, have done less well, particularly when they have shown a basic misunderstanding of what is, after all, a brand new way of doing business.

    Lindows may have found a way to provide value enough to justify their survival and profits. They, like all Linux distributions, depend on the Open Software movement. But Lindows is in a unique position to provide additional feedback to Open Software developers, guidance that can give focus previously lacking.

    Lindows itself needs to be faster, they need to work on a more rational user interface, and they need to provide a simple and adequate access to troubleshooting information, to help users when something goes wrong -- and something always goes wrong in any system.

    If you are looking for something that is ready to replace Windows across the board, neither Lindows nor Linux is it ... yet. Both have the potential and both depend on user support, including financial support.

    It will still be a long road, but now it's a road instead of a dirt trail.

    Message Board

  • Becoming a Debiant

    The Social Architecture of Linux Distributions


    In the beginning was Slackware. And those who used it were Slackers. This was in the time when there were fewer than a thousand users and the kernel hadn't reached level 1.0. The system was still pretty much an adaptation of Minix, many of the computers had only the smallest of hard drives and the 3.5 inch floppy drive was brand new. The first Slackware systems were installed from a series of floppy disks. Even when CD-ROMs became available, Slackers would copy their install files to floppies to install.

    Everybody who used Linux was a hobbiest then. Many of them used it for the sheer wonder of having a free operating system somewhat comparable to UNIX for which free software was being made available.

    Then a company appeared, Red Hat, with a newer, better distribution of Linux. It had the latest kernel, the same one that Slackware and a few others were using, and it used the same free software that was becoming available, but it was organized and had new software written especially to make it more useful to businesses. Their plan was to make money selling what had started as a free hobbiest system, so they had to make it more useful to those willing to part with money to get the features they could provide. And, eventually, after a few years, they started to make money.

    Many hobbiests have become Red Hatters, users of Red Hat. But, while easier to use than Slackware was, Red Hat wasn't known for being really user friendly. They advanced the art of Linux and helped make it a force in the business world, but many wished Red Hat had become something slightly different.

    Along came Mandrake, which started by simplifying and taming a Red Hat distribution. They were going to be everything Red Hat was but also friendly and more useful. I've been a Mandraker for several years now and can say that they are very strong on hype while the penny pinching Frenchmen who run the company have completely missed the point about selling free software. Now that they've reached the point of begging for additional funds to stave off bankruptcy, I'm ready to find a new distribution.

    There is one other distribution I'd like to mention first: SuSe. I think they're run by a German concern but they might as well be Swiss for the multi-purpose approach they take. Their distributions are enormous and probably contain every program ever written that will run on Linux systems. They seem to have included everything but a way to keep track of what you have, assuming you can load it all on your system. You will test your hard drive capacity with them.

    There have been other distributions. Some still exist, others don't. I haven't mentioned special purpose distributions such as for Apple computers or for small or obsolete machines or embedded systems. I've had no reason to test any of them.

    Which brings me to Debian, whose users call themselves Debianistas or Debianutantes but who I've always thought of as Debiants (now I are one). Debian is the one pure distribution, the one distribution that uses no commercial applications. Everything included in a Debian release is Open Source software, developed with the purest of motives for the free use of anyone who wants it.

    Debian is also one of the best tested distributions. Nothing is released as Stable until it is demonstrated to be bulletproof. A Debian Stable release may not be as up-to-date as some other available releases, but people get it because they want something guaranteed to be rock solid. Debiants may choose to go to releases that are less than stable, including the Testing release, frequently quite unstable, but they can always upgrade (or downgrade) back to Stable.

    And, at any given level of stability, a Debian system will update itself automatically as long as the computer is on line and the user has given the system permission to update. A Stable system will update infrequently, a Testing system will be updating almost constantly.

    Now I must make a shameful admission. Not only am I a Debiant, I became one by getting Lindows.

    Message Board

  • Message Board

    I've added a message board to my collection of tools.

    One of Xanga's weaknesses is that you can't reply to specific comments. This leads to people making comments in guest books or replying by making off topic comments in other people's Weblogs. It all gets difficult to follow.

    I started using LiveJournal because their system of comments works better. There were other reasons, too, but that was a big one. But it only works if you use it. Getting a free LiveJournal account is too much of a bother for most people, so few people have bothered to migrate or even to look at entries made there.

    So, once more, I stole an idea from Spot the Cat. She has a message board and it pretty much goes on without her while she is unable to get telephone service in her new house.

    The message board was free. When you go to mine (or to Spot's) you'll find a link to a page that will allow you to establish a board of your own, should you be so inclined. You can even pay for extra features if you want them; that would please the sponsors of the service. Free boards will have an advertising banner that can be removed on paid accounts.

    Weblogs are diaries that are open to the world. In other words, they are a form of communication. Message boards, like low speed chat rooms, are another form of communication.

    So: Message Board.

  • The Cost of Living


    Let's start with sharks. There's no point in going back to forms earlier than the vertibrates for this discussion.

    The shark is a fairly primative fish, mostly boneless. It is a predator and scavenger. Its fins are useless for manipulation, so it is limited to grabbing things with its mouth once its body is properly positioned. Its teeth aren't anchored in bone and break off easily, so they have to be replaced frequently, one price of being a shark. Many sharks have no mechanism for pumping water through their gills when at rest, so have to be constantly in motion in order to breathe, making sleep impossible, another price of being a shark. The cold blooded shark, when cold, may have his metabolism slow so much that what he eats may remain incompletely digested for months.

    Now let's look at some herbivores. Digesting plants isn't easy. The animal, whether a small rodent or a large hooved creature, has to consume large quantities of material that has to be finely ground; even so, a long small intestine is necessary and the animal needs the help of bacteria to break down the plant material. At any given time, the animal will be carrying around large amounts of partly digested food within his body. The small energy gains from this diet doesn't lead to a very active life style, much of the energy going back into the digestive process. What this means, in particular, is that, on an evolutionary scale, only enough energy is devoted to intelligence to permit bare survival; in other words, diet limits intelligence, their price of living as they do.

    Herbivores are often prey species. They are so actively hunted that it shows in the end product of their digestion. A predator or omnivore has the leisure to squat to eliminate the excess weight of digested material, in order to gain speed. Prey species have to be able to eliminate on the run. This shows up in the evolution of pelleted poop. Mice, rabbits, deer and many others have developed the ability to drop pellets as they run to escape their attackers, another price of living developed over evolutionary timescales.

    Eating meat is more efficient than eating grass; it gives more energy and is easier to digest, requiring less gut for the process. Our ancestors may have discovered this, starting as much as four million years ago. Some speculate that those ape-like creatures followed leopards, scavenging their kills from the trees where they were hidden and then doing something the leopards were unable to do, breaking open the long bones with stones to get at the marrow within. Marrow is a good high-energy food. However they got their meat, those apes had an increase in intelligence because of their change in diet.

    Eating raw meat still has a high price. The fossil record clearly shows that when fire was discovered and, presumably, used to cook our food, brain capacity increased quickly. Our race got smarter. The price of living got smaller.

    Now things began to cascade. We had our hands free to manipulate our environment, we developed a complex vocal aparatus and a language that gave us new dimensions, new ways of approaching our environment. We gave ourselves history. We've built tools that have taken us to the fringes of space, approaching the capability of escaping this world that would otherwise doom our species within another half billion years.

    It took a lot of surplus energy to build that first set of superior brains, capable of converting rocks and bones into superior tools, capable of making the use of sounds into a tool for survival and advancement. The price having been paid, that energy wasn't just thrown away. We are still building on it in newer and more inventive ways.

    Once you've paid enough, you get lots of dividends.

    Message Board